Safety hoisting hook



patentes aus. e, ieee. hiid NETE@ STTES PATE? FFQ.

HARRY B. PBETLOVE, OF RICHMOND HLL, NEVI YORK, ASSGNOR, TO THOMAS A. MCMXLLAN DOING BUSINESS AS W. H. Iv'oMLLANS SONS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SAFETY norsfrrue noon.

Application filed A'prl 6, 1926. Serial No. 100,019.

My inifention relates to hoisting hooks andk both of these ends satisfactorily. lt is an 55 has for its object the provision of a safety impossibility for Athe hook when closed to hoisting; hook of improved construction. become engaged with any stationary object l'loisting` hooks are used on hoisting apin such a way as to accidentally discharge aaratus of various kinds, such for example its load. ln fact, when the hook is closed i as derricks, cranes and the like for facilitatn' sents a smooth and continuous exterior ing the connection of the load to be lifted surface at all points. The hook, however, is with the hoisting element such as a cable or easily opened and when the keeper or guard chain. in hoisting or lowering cargoes from member is in the open position the entrance the holds of vessels with the usual open hook to the hook is unobstructed so vthat there is the point of the hook is liable to catch in no interference with the insertion or re- 05 the hatchway and cause inconvenience and moral of the sling. ln addition, the parloss ofv time. Moreover, in such anevent, tieular construction of my improved lifting unless the hoistingl gear is properly manipre hook avoids the possibility of the sling eslated by the operator, there is danger of the (raping fromv the hook, even whenl the sling load becoming released from the hook in one and cable are slack, unless it is yreleased by way or another. Although such yan occurhand manipulation of the hook. `With these rence may at first seem rather improbable, several advantages the hook possesses theV nevertheless accidents of' this kind are not same degree of strength as other hooks and uncommon and have in the past resulted in its structure is such that it can bemanufacloss of life. not to mention the propertyT tured commercially and` at a reasonable cost. 75 damage to the load,.the' vessel or the wharf. according to thel invention the shank oi The open hoisting hook is likely to engage the hook member is provided with a locking; the hatchway not only while the hook is aperture and a guard'menjiber, keeper, or being,- raised or lowered, but one of the fretongueiis pivoted on the shank and normally quent sources of this difficulty occurs when closes the hook bv engagement with the point a load has been raised part way out of the of the hook. The guard member itself is hold and the hoisting; stopped for some rea provided with an elongated opening adapted son leaving the load suspended in mid-air. to register with the locking; aperture in the 3U The open hook not infrequently stops at the shank when the guard member is in thel same level with the hatchivay or one of the closed position. le link, clevis, eye, or other 85 decks and, in the slowV lateral swingingy ol shackle' engages the shank'for supporting the load which invariably takes place,y is the hook and passes through both of the y very apt to become undesirably engagec registering openings, therebyr locking the with such a stationary member. `guard member in the closed position. VJith in constructing safety hooks of this kind, the parts .in this relation the zguard member 00 aerliaps the most important consideration is immovable either inwardly or outwardlynext to effectively preventing the hook from although the guard member and the pointA becoming' undesirably engaged with stationof thehook are ordinarily so shaped that 40 ry parts, is the provision of a construction the guard member is prevented fromm'oving which is not too complicated in its inanipuinwardly by contact with the hook point. 9a lation. he stevedores or other crane felln order to open the Vhook when it is not lowers who do the work of attaching` ant supporting a load the link is movablein the removing the loa-d from the hoisting` hook elongated opening,` o the guard' member manv times work on the piece rate system out of locking relation with the locking; and -refuse to use a-hook which increases to aperture in the shank and this allows the any material extent the amount of time reguard member to be moved by hand out-v uired to place upon` or remove a sling from wardly, carrying the link in its kelongated the hook. Furthermore, the regulations of slot-like opening. and theguardmember ro- 5) their unions uphold vthem innthis attitude. tates about its pivot a sufiicient distancevtor rhe'men themselves seem to disregard .the leave the opening of the hook entirely unwe added safety which can be secured. obstructed so that a sling, bail orl other rlhe safety hook ofmy invention, because means of fastening a load to the'hook may y of its particular construction, accomplishes bev inserted or removec.

Further, in accordance with the invention theV locking aoerture in the shank1 and the link member areso constructed that the link is movable out of locking relation With the aperture in the Shank as above mentioned 7 only when the link is in a predetermined position. Thus, for example inl order to move the link out of locking relation with the od ig aperture on the shank it is necessary to turn the link through' a predetermined angle, either in t-he plane of the link or in the vertical plane at right angles thereto or In way the ink must be moved to a predetermined non-load carrying position'before the bottom of the link can bermoved out of looking relation with the loc ing aperture in the shank,y Iand to accomplish 'this the outlet of the lock` together with one modification. In these drawings ies. 1, 2 and 3 show the hook in closefl perspective views showing three modifications of the link; and of a modified form Referring now 0 has a point l1 12 is provided with slightly longer in the vertical direction than recurving the end of point 11 of and serving both as a means for supporting the hook and as a locking aperture as will This hook member is constructed of suitable material to give the required stieng'th,iisual y being drop-forged from steel. i

e guard member 14 for closing the hook opening is pivoted on the shank 12 by means of the pin 15, being bifurcated at its upper end as best shown in Fig. 2 with the ears 16 extending upwardly from the b member for engagement with the pin. The ower end of memb tical cross section similar to the hook 10 and preferably terminates in a sloping point 17 which is adapted to contact with t e point 11 of the hook which V1s correspondingly sloped for this purpose so as to limit e inward movement of the guard 14. The guard member, not carrying any load,is

resentlY a Dear. P ,f t

strong th suc i,

posure to which the hook he ears 16 of th transversely some distance towar or' the hook,

substantial of the transverse locking aperture ls of the elongated bove the top wall is impossible to moveV it or outwardly except by a pen ing upon theV -o erances necessary for practical manufac` It will also be understood that the weight carried by the l k is not taken by ie ears 16 of the guard member .but entirehook. Inasinuch y locking of the guard member 141 is secured by the ooacting link yand registering openings, the position of the pivot pin l5A hus, although may be variedconsiderably. it is convenient to place of the shank may also be placed mid-way of the shank provided that the .with the fere hook, the bottom 20 of the relative to the toward the lower part of the ings 18. 7h

and the guard member 14 together with the link 19 can be moved to the left as shown in Fig4, the bottom 2() clearing the point 21 of the shank 12. lt will be observed, however, that the movement of the bottom of the link to the lower part of elongated openings 18 is obstructed by the restrict-ed outlet 22 of locking aperture 13 caused by the presence of the projection 23, the horizontal width of bottom member 2O being greater than the width of outlet 22. .Before being able to open the hook it is therefore necessary to rotate link 19 out of the vertical position far enough to permit the flattened side 24 thereof to pass through outlet 22. As shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive itis necessary to rota e link 19 approximately to the horizontal position before the bottom 2O thereof will drop into the lower end of elongated openings 18. iks, soon as this takes place, however, guard member 14 may be pulled outwardly by hand as shown in Fig. 4 and rotated about pin 15 until it points almost straight upward when the entrance to hook l0 will be unrestricted in any manner` by any portion of guard member 14. In Fig. 4 the opening of the guard member has just commenced. After one sling has been removed and another inserted on the hook 10 a reversal of the operations just mentioned replaces the bottom 20 of link 19 within the lookin g aperture 13, closing guard member 14 and locking it closed by means of the registering locking apertures.

By providing the restricted outlet 22 and making the link 19 of appropriate cross section to pass this aperture at a certain predetermined point only, the accidental opening of the hook is `rendered impossible, and the hook can be opened only by manual operation. In the forni of link 19 shown in Figs. 1 to 5 and described above the oblong cross section or attened portion 24 is placed in the bottom 2O of the link and the link rotated in the vertical plane at right angles to the plane of the link in order to bring the link into position for opening the hook.

Figs. 6 and 7 show two modified forms of links which operate in a similar but slightly different manner from that just described.

1With a link having an oblong cross section placed as shown at 25 it is necessary to rotate the link in its own vertical plane out of the load carrying position so as to brin o' the side of the link within the registering locking openings 13 and 18 in order to allow the link to drop to the bottom of elongated openings 18. When a link is used having an, ob-l long cross section placed as shown at 26 it is necessary first to rotate the link in its own vertical plane t0 bring the side of the link into the registering openings 13 and 18, and then to rotate the link in a plane at right angles `to the plane of the link in order to allow the oblong cross section 26 to pass the restricted outlet 22 so as to bring the. parts into position to open the guard member 14.

in the modified form of hook member shown in Fig. S locking aperture 13 is not provided with the restricted outlet 22, the projection 23 being` omitted. In this form of hook the guard member 14 is pivoted to the pin 15" and the elongated openings 18 register with the locking aperture 13 when the guard member is in the closed position. Aside'from the omission of the restricted outlet 22 the construction ofthe safety hook is entirely similar to that previously described.' This modified form of hook has the same advantages as the hook described in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive as far as the locl ing of the guard member 14 is concerned as long as the'hoisting cable has no slack in it. However, with the modiiied form shown in Fig. l the link drops to the bottom of elongated openings 1S as soon as arelatively .small amount of slack exists in the cable and from that time on the guard member'14 is unlocked and there is some likelihood of the link 19, or the sling itself forcing the guard member open. rlhere arevtimes when this is undesirable.

rThe improved safety hook of this invention is of such construction that the sling is at all times securely locked within the hook and it is impossible for the hook to catch or engage stationary objects during the hoisting 0r lcwering operations. rllforcover, because of the particularly simple structure the slings can be easily and quickly inserted or removed from the hook so that the use of the improved hook is not objectionable to workmen. ln addition to its use in connection with cargo hoisting the improved safety hook can also be used for theDavit blocks of life boats, ferry boat chains, in piano and safe hoisting, in industrial. crane work, and

in general hoisting of all kinds, and it can be used in connection with both upper and lower blocks. Other specilic examples showing' various uses for the hook are as follows: painters7 sca-ifolds and scaffolding generally, contractors buckets, stone hoisting, steel erection, and drag hooks for drag chains.

l claim 1. ik lifting hook comprising a hook member having a shank provided with a g aperture, a guard member pivoted on the shank and norrcially engaging the point of the hook to close the hook opening, the guard member being provided .with an elongated opening which, in the closed position of the member, registers with the locking aperture in the shank, and a link engaging the shank for supporting the hook and passing through both of said registering openings so as to lock the guard member in said closed iosition, said link being movable in the elongated opening of the guard member out of lockingrelationwith the looking aperture in the shank when the hook is not supporting a load so as to allovsT the guard member to be moved outwardly to open the hook for the insertion or removal of a sling.

2. i lifting hook comprising a hook meniber having a shank provided vwith an oblong substantially vertical locking aperture, a. guard member pivoted 'on the shank andv normally engaging` the point of the hook to close the hookV opening, guard member being provided with a slot' substantially longer than the oblong locking aperture in the sli-ink which, in the Closed position of the member, registers with said looking ap! erture, and a link passing through both of said registering openings for supporting the hook and looking the guard member in said Closed position, said link being movable to the bottoni of the slot inthe guard member when the hookis not supporting .is recurved toward the point of the form a substantially vertical slot open atVY its lower end, a. guard member iivoted on he shank and normally engaging the point of the hook to Close the hook opening the guard member beineV provided with anelongated opening which, in the closed position oi' the member, registers with the slot in the shank, and a link engaging the Yshank for supporting the hook and Y passing through both ot .said registering openings `so as to look the guard member in said closed position, said link being movable in the elongated opening oi the-guard member out ot the lower end of the slot in the shank when the hook is not supporting a load so as to allow the guard member to be moved outwardly to open the hook for the insertion or removal oi a sling, the link clearing hook to the reeurved end of the shank during said movement.- f'

t. A lifting hook comprising a hook member having a shank provided with a locking aperture, al guardmember pvoted on the shank and normally engaging the point o't` the hook to close the hook opening',`

the guard member being provided with an elongated opening which, inthe closed position ot the member, registers with the locking aperture in the shank, and a link engaging the shank for supporting the hook and passingV through both of said registering openings so as to look the guard member in said closed position, said link when` in a predetermined non-load carrying position being movable in the elongated opening .ot the guard member out of looking re'- lation with the looking aperture in the shank so as to allowk the guard member to be moved outwardly to open the hook Vfor tliefinsertion or removal of a sling.

5. A lifting hook Comprising a hook niem-` berhaving a shank provided with a locking aperture'having ra restricted outlet, a guard member pivoted on the shank and normally engaging the point of the hook to close lthe hook opening,the guard member being providedwitli an elongated opening which, in the elosed position of the member, registers with the looking aperture in the shank, and a Vlink,engaging` the shank for supporting the hook and passing through both oi said registering openings so as to lock the guard member in said closed position, said link when in the load carrying position ybeing held within the looking aperture in the sliankvby the restricted outlet thereof and when turned to a predeterminednon-load carrying position being movable out or' the lockingr aperture in the shank -throughthe restrictedv opening thereof so as to allow the guard member to be moved outwardly to open the hook for the insertion or removal of a sling.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

HARRY B.y PRETLOVE. 

